Theoretical analysis of referee bias in youth hockey
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Theoretical analysis of referee bias in youth hockey
Theoretical analysis of referee bias in youth hockey
Name:Personal
Pappas, Winston Christopher Role :Text(marcrelator)
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Pappas, Winston Christopher Role :Text(marcrelator)
creator
Name:Personal
Musick, David Role :Text(marcrelator)
thesis advisor
Musick, David Role :Text(marcrelator)
thesis advisor
Name:Personal
Houser, Jeffrey Role :Text
committee member
Houser, Jeffrey Role :Text
committee member
Name:Personal
Henderson, Angela Role :Text
committee member
Henderson, Angela Role :Text
committee member
Name:Corporate
Sociology Program Role :Text(marcrelator)
sponsor
Sociology Program Role :Text(marcrelator)
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Name:Corporate
University of Northern Colorado Role :Text(marcrelator)
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University of Northern Colorado Role :Text(marcrelator)
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:Text
Greeley, CO
University of Northern Colorado (keyDate="yes")
May 2011
Greeley, CO
University of Northern Colorado (keyDate="yes")
May 2011
Language
:Text
English
English
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37
born digital
37
born digital
abstract
This research addressed the issue of youth hockey referee bias demonstrated throughout 286 CCYHL Squirt A and C league games and the 2009-2010 CDYHL Squirt B league season games. Structural functionalism, cognitive dissonance, and exchange theory were used to explain a probable rationale for biased referee behavior. A T-test revealed a mean of .012, suggesting penalty calls were equalized during squirt level hockey games (age 9 through 10). A logistic regression analysis was incorporated to uncover predictable patterns of penalty calls made by referees based on penalty differential, score difference, and home team lead. Findings indicate that teams with the least amount of penalties had a 69.26 percent chance of incurring the next penalty disadvantage. Score differential seemed to have no effect on penalty patterns except in a situation of home team lead where the probability of receiving the next penalty increased to 57.39 percent. Findings of this research seemed to dismiss any away-team bias. In fact, this research showed support for the opposite; home teams actually obtained more penalty calls than away-teams. Considering penalties were equalized and a predictable penalty calling pattern was established, it seemed fitting that youth hockey referees’ officiating decisions were biased. The implications of this research clearly identifies that players and coaches could modify their strategies and play to improve their team’s chances of winning a hockey game according to the equalization penalty results. Equalization of penalties is also of great concern for referees. Intervention in the training process of referees is warranted to remove bias in officiating. note
Subject
Youth hockey referee bias
Colorado Squirt Hockey
Pointstreak.com
Box score data
Cognitive dissonance
Exchange theory
Structural functionalism
Youth hockey referee bias
Colorado Squirt Hockey
Pointstreak.com
Box score data
Cognitive dissonance
Exchange theory
Structural functionalism
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M.A.
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http://hdl.handle.net/10176/cogru:1217
http://hdl.handle.net/10176/cogru:1217
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eng
English :Code(ISO639-2B)
eng
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note:thesis(displayLabel="Degree Name")
master
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